About 200 BC.jpg, Colonna Romana Via Annibale Cartaginese.png, The story of the greatest nations; a comprehensive history, extending from the earliest times to the present, founded on the most modern authorities, and including chronological summaries and (14596698007).jpg, Ustrinum di tipo circolare - Battaglia del Trasimeno.jpg, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Second_Punic_War&oldid=331888634, Uses of Wikidata Infobox providing interwiki links, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. API Dataset FastSync. E che i Cartaginesi sapessero di potersi servire della Spagna contro Roma dimostra l'attività stessa di Annibale, succeduto nel 221 al padre Asdrubale che gli aveva fatto giurare sin da fanciullo odio eterno a Roma. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong. Nel 148 a.C. i nuovi consoli furono inviati in Africa ma si rivelarono ancora più incapaci dei predecessori. By now Carthage controlled half of the Iberian Peninsula. [106] The new allies increased the number of fixed points which Hannibal's army was expected to defend from Roman retribution, but provided relatively few fresh troops to assist him in doing so. (ko) segunda guerra punica (es); 한니발 전쟁 (ko); The Carthaginian War, The Hannibalic War, The War Against Hannibal (en); Β' Καρχηδονιακός πόλεμος (el); Hannibalse Oorlog (nl), second war between the Roman Republic and Carthage, fought between 218 and 201 BCE, Library of Congress authority ID: sh85109112, Carthage Tetradrachm Tanit & Horse, with a Serrated Edge. This force consisted of 30,000 infantry and 3,000 cavalry, and Gisgo was almost immediately joined by the Numidian Syphax with his army of 50,000 infantry and 10,000 cavalry. Hiero II, the old tyrant of Syracuse of forty-five-years standing and a staunch Roman ally, died in 215 BC and his successor Hieronymus was discontented with his situation. La seconda guerra punica e la nascita dell'impero di Roma, Karthago: Studien zu Militar, Staat und Gesellschaft, Le Siecle des Scipions - Rome et L'Hellenisme au Temps des Guerres Puniques, Unplanned Wars: The Origins of the First and Second Punic Wars, A history of Roman sea-power before the Second Punic War, Storia della Repubblica romana (264-146 a.C.), Dum Romae consulitur, Saguntum expugnatur, Dimensione dell'esercito romano durante la seconda guerra punica, Conquista romana della Spagna durante la seconda guerra punica, valico percorso da Annibale per attraversare le Alpi, alleanza conclusa da Cartagine con Filippo V di Macedonia, nuovo tentativo di prendere la città di Nola, costa orientale e meridionale della penisola Iberica, stabilire l'entità dei contingenti da inviare nei diversi settori strategici, Historiarum adversus paganos libri septem, Factorum et dictorum memorabilium libri IX, Trattato tra Annibale e Filippo V di Macedonia, La seconda guerra punica (219 ~ 201 a.C.), La seconda guerra punica nell'eredità storica culturale, guerre contro Volsci e Equi (616-390 a.C.), Guerre contro Volsci e Equi (389-341 a.C.), conquista dell'arco alpino sotto Augusto (26-7 a.C.), Campagne contro i Caledoni di Antonino Pio, Guerre romano-sasanidi di Alessandro Severo, Campagne germanico-sarmatiche di Costantino, Storia delle campagne dell'esercito romano, Voci in vetrina in altre lingue senza equivalente su it.wiki, https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seconda_guerra_punica&oldid=115357382, Voci non biografiche con codici di controllo di autorità, Voci entrate in vetrina nel mese di ottobre 2006, licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo. [122][123] Both Polybius' and Livy's accounts of the siege focus on Archimedes' invention of war machines to counteract Roman siege warfare, made more difficult by the strong defenses of the city. I rapporti tra Roma e Cartagine furono cordiali finché Roma non fu una potenza navale e commerciale e finché quindi i suoi interessi furono limitati all'Italia continentale. The main source for almost every aspect of the Punic Wars[note 1] is the historian Polybius (c. 200 – c. 118 BC), a Greek sent to Rome in 167 BC as a hostage. [136], In 205 BC, Mago landed in Genua in north-west Italy with the remnants of his Spanish army (see § Iberia below). [17][14], Other, later, ancient histories of the war exist, although often in fragmentary or summary form. [83] The Senate had ordered the consul Sempronius Longus to bring his army back from Sicily, where it had been preparing for the invasion of Africa, to join the Roman army already facing Hannibal. Territories During the Second Punic Warby Javierfv1212 (CC BY-SA). Accordingly, Hannibal left Hasdrubal Barca (son of Hamilcar Barca) in charge of things in Spain and audaciously crossed the Alps in 15 days. In maniera non determinante fu coinvolto anche il re Filippo V di Macedonia che si alleò con Annibale e provò a combattere i romani i quali si stavano espandendo nell'Illiria e quindi si avvicinavano ai suoi territori. [18] Modern historians usually take into account the writings of various Roman annalists, some contemporary; the Greek Diodorus Siculus; and the later Roman historians, Plutarch, Appian and Dio Cassius. Without the expected reinforcement the Carthaginians were compelled to evacuate allied towns in Italy and withdraw to Bruttium. La sosta aveva dato ad Asdrubale, posto a capo dell'esercito, la possibilità di raccogliere circa 50.000 uomini ben armati e l'assedio si protrasse. I romani si poterono concentrare su Cartagine. Huic Romani per legatos denuntiaverunt, ut bello abstineret. Spiccano le figure di Annibale e Publio Cornelio Scipione detto successivamente per le vittorie avute in Africa "l'Africano", (Africano maggiore). [147], In the spring of 208 BC, Hasdrubal moved to engage Scipio at the Battle of Baecula. [154] After landing in Africa in 204 BC, he was joined by Masinissa and a force of Numidian cavalry. O evoluir histórico da Segunda Guerra Púnica na Península Ibérica, entre os anos 218 a.C e 211 a.C . [78][143] The Roman general Claudius Nero brought over reinforcements in 210 BC and stabilised the situation. [147] The Carthaginians were defeated, but Hasdrubal was able to withdraw the majority of his army in good order; most of his losses were among his Iberian allies. Once again, though, Rome’s seemingly inexhaustible resources in men, ships, and money, combined with skills on the battlefield and command of the seas, had ensured Rome could replenish losses more easily than Carthage. [166] In 149 BC, fifty years after the end of the Second Punic War, Carthage sent an army, under Hasdrubal, against Masinissa, the treaty notwithstanding. Dopo tre anni di battaglie i mercenari furono sgominati e Cartagine poté riprendere il suo percorso per riconquistare il vigore economico precedente. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the. Roma però, non poteva dimenticare il pesante carico di costi economici, umani e psicologici causati dalla precedente guerra. Per quindici giorni i sopravvissuti impegnarono i Romani in una disperata battaglia per le strade della città, ma l'esito era scontato. Wars of the Fall of the Western Roman Empire, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Second_Punic_War&oldid=988365128, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 12 November 2020, at 18:53. Annibale volle la guerra, perché seppe che l'avrebbe comandata. Mago left Iberia for northern Italy with his remaining forces. Attraversate le Alpi presumibilmente al passo del Moncenisio o del Monginevro, Annibale giunse nella Pianura padana con più o meno metà delle forze. [100], Paullus and Varro marched southward to confront Hannibal, and encamped 10 km (6 mi) away. Cartagine rifiutò e accettò la dichiarazione di guerra. [76] A Roman fleet carrying the Iberian-bound army landed at Rome's ally Massalia (modern Marseille) at the mouth of the Rhone,[77] but Hannibal evaded the Romans and they continued to Iberia. The Romans established a lodgement in north-east Iberia and the Carthaginians repeatedly attempted and failed to reduce it. Rome then could establish firm control over the island by 210 BCE. In such circumstances it was difficult to force a battle if the other commander was unwilling to fight. Scipio was not able to prevent Hasdrubal from leading his depleted army over the western passes of the Pyrenees into Gaul. [87], In early spring 217 BC, the Carthaginians crossed the Apennines unopposed, taking a difficult but unguarded route. [78] The Carthaginians reached the foot of the Alps by late autumn[75] and crossed them, surmounting the difficulties of climate, terrain[75] and the guerrilla tactics of the native tribes. [73] An army had previously been created by the Romans to campaign in Iberia, but the Roman Senate detached one Roman and one allied legion from it to send to north Italy. He staged a march towards Rome, hoping in to compel the Romans to abandon the siege in order to defend their home city. Abstract. Hannibal desperately tried to conquer a port city, notably Neapolis (Naples) and Tarentum (Taranto), but all attempts failed, as did repeated attacks on Nola. Scipione scorgeva la possibilità di fare della Spagna un centro di rifornimento per Roma mentre lo era stato finora per Cartagine, e occupava di sorpresa nel 209 a.C. il principale arsenale nemico, Cartagine nuova (Cartagena). [104][105] However, the majority of Rome's allies remained loyal, including many in southern Italy. Però entrambi i contendenti dovettero investire pesantemente nell'allestimento delle flotte e questo diede fondo alle finanze pubbliche di Cartagine. n. l. až 201 př. [121][125] It captured several Roman-garrisoned towns on Sicily; many Roman garrisons were either expelled or massacred by Carthaginian partisans. Carthage sent an army to Liguria in northern Italy in 205 BCE. Numerous educational institutions recommend us, including Oxford University and Michigan State University and University of Missouri. Cartagine invece inviò subito una squadra navale. I Cartaginesi, che compresero di non poter resistere, cedettero a tutte le richieste romane, anche a quella di consegnare le armi, ma sebbene già disarmati, si ribellarono alla ulteriore intimazione di abbandonare la loro città (che avrebbe dovuto essere distrutta) e fondarne una nuova a dieci miglia dal mare. This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. [172] The formerly Carthaginian territories became the Roman province of Africa. [97][98] Fabius was not popular among the soldiers, the Roman public or the Roman elite, since he avoided battle while Italy was being devastated by the enemy and his tactics would not lead to a quick end to the war. Il trasferimento della lotta in Africa era per allora fallito, e il centro della guerra fu riportato in Sicilia. Ma poi spettava ora a Roma tutelare la floridità delle città commerciali e marinare del Mezzogiorno nell'interesse della stessa floridità di Roma. After a period of hesitant peace negotiations, which may only have been offered for Scipio to gain intelligence on the enemy positions, the Roman general divided his force in two and attacked the camps of Syphax and Gisgo at night. Mostrare i propri estratti per iscritto 2. La sconfitta di Pirro a Maleventum sancì il definitivo ingresso di Roma, che arrivò così a controllare saldamente l'Italia centro-meridionale nel novero delle grandi potenze del Mediterraneo. The clock was ticking and Rome had time on their side. L’esercito romano, al comando dei consoli Terenzio Varrone e Lucio Emilio Paolo, subì una tremenda sconfitta.

seconda guerra punica data

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